近來在材料構造技術方面的進展已經帶來了具有一批實踐應用的從生物獲得靈感的設計大量出現。通過復制納米尺寸的特征，科研人員能夠使用這些技術研究生物系統的顯微結構的功能意義。

Michael Domingue及其同事在研究昆蟲的視覺信號傳導系統的時候，制造了白蠟窄吉丁甲蟲的雌性假蟲，它具有兩個納米尺寸的翼特征，能夠散射光并產生視覺交配信號。

在一系列的大田試驗中，這組作者觀察到了這些假蟲引起了雄性昆蟲的完整的吸引和著陸順序，這是一系列的快速飛行，以雄性直接降落在這個雌性身上告終。

這組作者報告說，相比之下，當雄性遇到用3D打印制造但是沒有表面結構元素的其他假蟲的時候，這些昆蟲短暫接近這些假蟲，但是在飛落之前改道了。這組作者說，這些發現表明了生物復制型假蟲可以用于研究昆蟲的視覺響應，并且有可能針對農業害蟲和其他害蟲起作用。

原文摘要：

Bioreplicated visual features of nanofabricated buprestid beetle decoys evokestereotypical male mating flights

Michael J. Domingue, Akhlesh Lakhtakia, Drew P. Pulsifer, Loyal P. Hall, John V. Badding,Jesse L. Bischof, Raúl J. Martín-Palma, Zoltán Imrei, Gergely Janik, Victor C. Mastro, Missy Hazen,and Thomas C. Baker

Recent advances in nanoscale bioreplication processes present the potential for novel basic and applied research into organismal behavioral processes. Insect behavior potentially could be affected by physicalfeatures existing at the nanoscale level. We used nano-bioreplicated visual decoys of female emerald ash borer beetles (Agrilus planipennis) to evoke stereotypical mate-finding behavior, whereby males fly to and alight on the decoys as they would on real females. Using an industrially scalABLe nanomolding process, we replicated and evaluated the importance of two features of the outer cuticular surfAce of thebeetle’s wings: structural interference coloration of the elytra by multilayering of the epicuticle and fine-scale surface features consisting of spicules and spines that scatter light into intense strands. Two types ofdecoys that lacked one or both of these elements were fabricated, one type nano-bioreplicated and the other 3D-printed with no bioreplicated surface nanostructural elements. Both types were colored with green paint. The light-scattering properties of the nano-bioreplicated surfaces were verified by shining a white laser on the decoys in a dark room and projecting the scattering pattern onto a white surface. Regardless of the coloration mechanism, the nano-bioreplicated decoys evoked the complete attraction and landing sequence of Agrilus males. In contrast, males made brief flying approaches toward the decoyswithout nanostructured features, but diverted away before alighting on them. The nano-bioreplicateddecoys were also electroconductive, a feature used on traps such that beetles alighting onto them were stunned, killed, and collected.

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